Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Catechins, a class of polyphenolic compounds most abundant in green tea, have attracted scientific interest regarding their potential role in cardiovascular health, including arteriosclerosis (the thickening and hardening of arterial walls). Preclinical and some clinical studies suggest that catechins may exert beneficial effects through several mechanisms relevant to arteriosclerosis: antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of LDL oxidation, and improvement of endothelial function. For instance, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major catechin in green tea, has demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative stress and suppress the expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells, which are implicated in the development of atherosclerotic plaques.

Human studies, though limited and often small in scale, have reported modest improvements in cholesterol profiles and vascular function with catechin-rich green tea consumption. However, rigorous large-scale clinical trials directly linking catechin supplementation to reduced progression or incidence of arteriosclerosis are lacking. As a result, while there is scientific plausibility and supportive preliminary evidence, the overall quality and quantity of evidence are insufficient to strongly recommend catechins as a primary intervention for arteriosclerosis. More robust, long-term clinical studies are required to confirm these early findings and establish efficacy and safety in this context.

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