Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Cannabinoids, particularly those derived from Cannabis sativa like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), have been studied as supportive treatments in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Their use is not for treating the underlying viral infection but for alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life. Scientific evidence, including randomized controlled trials, supports the use of cannabinoids for managing HIV/AIDS-associated anorexia and cachexia (wasting syndrome). Studies, such as those published in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Annals of Internal Medicine, have shown that cannabinoids can stimulate appetite, increase food intake, and promote weight gain in affected individuals. Additionally, some patients report relief from neuropathic pain, nausea, and other symptoms associated with AIDS or its treatments.

However, the evidence is moderate rather than strong. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (e.g., Cochrane reviews) acknowledge beneficial effects on appetite and weight gain but also note limitations, such as small sample sizes and short duration of studies. Cannabinoid use does not affect HIV viral load or immune function directly. Major guidelines, like those from the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, recognize cannabinoids as effective for increasing appetite and weight in HIV/AIDS, but not as a primary treatment for the disease itself. Overall, the use of cannabinoids in this context is supported by a moderate level of scientific evidence for symptom management rather than disease modification.

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