Lactose Intolerance

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Other names for Lactose Intolerance

Dairy sensitivity
Lactase deficiency
Lactose malabsorption
Milk sugar intolerance

Synopsis of Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance is the inability to digest lactose, the primary sugar in milk and dairy products, due to a deficiency of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine. When lactose isn't properly broken down, it ferments in the colon, leading to digestive discomfort. This condition is very common worldwide, especially in Asian, African, Hispanic, and Indigenous populations, and can be congenital, age-related, or secondary to gastrointestinal illness.

There are several forms:

  • Primary lactose intolerance: The most common, progressive loss of lactase after childhood.

  • Secondary lactose intolerance: Caused by injury or inflammation of the small intestine (e.g., celiac disease, gastroenteritis).

  • Congenital lactose intolerance: Rare, genetic condition present at birth.

Typical symptoms include (30 minutes to 2 hours after consuming dairy):

  • Bloating

  • Gas

  • Diarrhea

  • Abdominal cramps

  • Nausea

Symptoms vary based on amount of lactose consumed and individual tolerance threshold.

When to see a doctor:
If symptoms are persistent, worsening, or accompanied by weight loss, blood in stool, or malnutrition, consult a healthcare provider. A hydrogen breath test or lactose tolerance test may confirm diagnosis.

Natural remedies for Lactose Intolerance

Avoid or Limit Lactose-Containing Foods: Milk, ice cream, soft cheeses, and cream.

Choose Lactose-Free Alternatives: Such as plant-based milks (almond, oat, coconut) and lactose-free dairy products.

Try Small Portions with Meals: Some people tolerate low amounts when eaten with other foods.

Use Lactase Enzyme Supplements: Taken before consuming dairy to aid digestion.

Support Gut Healing if Secondary: Address underlying inflammation or infection.

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