Nightmares

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Table of Contents

Other names for Nightmares

Disturbing dreams
Vivid nocturnal imagery
REM sleep disturbance
Sleep-related anxiety dreams

Synopsis of Nightmares

Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that often involve threatening, frightening, or unsettling scenarios, typically occurring during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. They may cause sudden awakenings and leave a person feeling fearful, anxious, or upset, and are more common in children, though many adults also experience them—especially under stress or illness.

Occasional nightmares are normal, but frequent or recurring nightmares can disrupt sleep and lead to fatigue, insomnia, or anxiety around bedtime. In some cases, chronic nightmares are linked to trauma or underlying mental health disorders.

Common causes include:

  • Emotional stress or trauma (including PTSD)

  • Sleep deprivation or irregular sleep schedule

  • Anxiety or depression

  • Medications (e.g., antidepressants, beta-blockers)

  • Alcohol or substance withdrawal

  • Eating too close to bedtime

  • Fever or illness ("fever dreams")

When to see a doctor:
Seek evaluation if nightmares are frequent, worsening, or linked to trauma, or if they cause sleep avoidance, distress, or daytime dysfunction. Diagnosis may involve a sleep study or psychological evaluation, especially to screen for nightmare disorder or PTSD.

Natural remedies for Nightmares

Establish a Relaxing Bedtime Routine: Avoid screens, caffeine, and stressful stimuli before bed.

Use Visualization or Guided Imagery: Rewriting the nightmare in a positive light can reduce its recurrence.

Practice Mindfulness or Breathing Exercises Before Sleep: Calms the nervous system.

Address Underlying Stress or Emotional Conflict: Journaling or therapy can help process unresolved emotions.

Create a Comforting Sleep Environment: Cool, quiet, and dark with supportive bedding.