Muscular Dystrophy

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Other names for Muscular Dystrophy

MD
Progressive muscle wasting disorder
Inherited myopathy
Genetic muscular atrophy

Synopsis of Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles, and in some cases, cardiac and respiratory muscles. These conditions are typically inherited and result from mutations in genes responsible for muscle structure and function, particularly those that affect dystrophin, a key muscle protein.

There are over 30 types of muscular dystrophy, but the most common include:

  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): Severe, early-onset form in boys; symptoms start between ages 2–5

  • Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD): Similar to DMD but milder and later in onset

  • Myotonic dystrophy: Affects adults; includes muscle weakness and stiffness, as well as systemic symptoms

  • Facioscapulohumeral MD (FSHD): Affects the face, shoulders, and upper arms

  • Limb-girdle MD: Weakness in hips and shoulders, often in adolescence or early adulthood

  • Congenital MD: Present at birth with varying severity

Symptoms vary by type but often include:

  • Muscle weakness that worsens over time

  • Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or lifting

  • Frequent falls

  • Enlarged calf muscles (especially in DMD)

  • Respiratory or cardiac complications

  • Joint contractures or scoliosis

When to see a doctor:
If a child shows delayed motor milestones, muscle weakness, or gait abnormalities, or if there is a family history of muscular disorders, seek prompt evaluation. Diagnosis involves genetic testing, muscle biopsy, blood tests (elevated creatine kinase), and EMG.

There is no cure, but treatment focuses on slowing progression, improving quality of life, and managing complications.

Natural remedies for Muscular Dystrophy

Engage in Gentle Physical Therapy: Helps maintain flexibility and delay muscle contractures.

Use Orthotic Devices or Bracing: Supports mobility and posture.

Practice Breathing Exercises: Supports respiratory health in progressive cases.

Follow a Nutrient-Rich Diet: Supports overall health and energy levels.

Ensure Regular Cardiac and Respiratory Monitoring: Detects complications early.