Leprosy

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Other names for Leprosy

Hansen’s disease
Chronic mycobacterial infection
Mycobacterium leprae infection

Synopsis of Leprosy

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin, peripheral nerves, upper respiratory tract, and eyes. Though often feared historically, leprosy is only mildly contagious, and with early diagnosis and treatment, it is entirely curable. The disease progresses very slowly, and symptoms may take years to appear after infection.

Leprosy is classified into two main types:

  • Paucibacillary (PB): Fewer skin lesions and lower bacterial load

  • Multibacillary (MB): Widespread lesions, higher bacterial load, more severe nerve involvement

Common symptoms include:

  • Numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or face

  • Painless skin patches that are lighter than surrounding skin

  • Muscle weakness or paralysis (especially in hands and feet)

  • Eye problems and risk of blindness

  • Swelling or lumps on the face or earlobes

  • Thickened or dry skin, sometimes with ulcers

Transmission:
Spread through prolonged, close contact, likely via respiratory droplets. It does not spread easily, and most people (95%) are naturally immune. Risk increases with weakened immune systems and living in endemic regions.

When to see a doctor:
Early symptoms such as numb patches of skin or unexplained nerve pain should be evaluated, especially after travel to endemic areas (parts of Asia, Africa, Central/South America). Early diagnosis prevents nerve damage and disfigurement.

Natural remedies for Leprosy

Improve Hygiene and Skin Care: Prevent secondary infections or ulcers in affected areas.

Support Immune Function: With anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-rich foods.

Maintain a Nutrient-Dense Diet: Helps the body fight infection and repair tissue.

Practice Nerve-Sparing Care: Avoid injuries to numb areas by using protective clothing or gloves.

Use Moisturizers on Dry or Thickened Skin: To relieve discomfort and improve healing.