Emphysema

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Other names for Emphysema

Alveolar wall destruction
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD – emphysema type)
Pulmonary emphysema

Synopsis of Emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic, progressive lung condition in which the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs become damaged and enlarged, leading to reduced respiratory efficiency and breathlessness. It is classified under the umbrella of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is most commonly caused by long-term exposure to airborne irritants—especially cigarette smoke, but also air pollution, occupational dusts, or chemical fumes.

In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli break down and lose elasticity, reducing the surface area for gas exchange. As a result, oxygen intake becomes impaired, and carbon dioxide removal decreases. Over time, the lungs become hyperinflated, and exhaling becomes particularly difficult. The damage is irreversible and tends to worsen gradually.

Typical symptoms include shortness of breath (initially during exertion, later at rest), chronic cough, wheezing, fatigue, and reduced physical tolerance. In advanced stages, weight loss, barrel chest, and frequent respiratory infections may occur. Though emphysema progresses slowly, it can severely impair quality of life and lead to respiratory failure.

When to see a doctor:
Seek medical attention if you experience persistent shortness of breath, chronic cough, wheezing, or fatigue—especially with a history of smoking or toxin exposure. Early diagnosis allows for interventions that may slow disease progression and improve symptom management.

Natural remedies for Emphysema

Quit Smoking: The most important step in halting further lung damage.

Pursed-Lip Breathing: Helps release trapped air from the lungs and makes breathing more efficient.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercises: Breathing exercises and physical activity tailored to lung capacity can improve function and endurance.

Humidified Air: Moist air may reduce airway irritation and ease breathing.

Stay Hydrated: Helps thin mucus and ease airway clearance.

Avoid Air Pollutants: Use air purifiers indoors and avoid exposure to smoke or industrial pollutants.

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