Appendicitis

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Table of Contents

Other names for Appendicitis

Inflamed appendix
Acute appendicitis
Chronic appendicitis
Perforated appendix
Appendiceal abscess

Synopsis of Appendicitis

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine. It is a medical emergency because if left untreated, the appendix can burst (rupture), leading to peritonitis (infection of the abdominal lining) or an abscess. Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain requiring surgery.

The exact function of the appendix remains uncertain, but it may play a role in gut immunity or serve as a reservoir for beneficial gut bacteria. Appendicitis can occur at any age, but it is most common in people aged 10–30.

Types:

  • Acute appendicitis: Rapid onset of inflammation, typically requiring surgery.

  • Chronic appendicitis: Less common, mild or recurring abdominal pain over weeks or months.

  • Perforated appendicitis: When the inflamed appendix bursts, leading to infection spread.

  • Appendiceal abscess: A localized pus collection from a ruptured appendix, sometimes drained before surgery.

Common Causes (Risk Factors):

  • Blockage of the appendix lumen: Fecaliths (hardened stool), lymphoid tissue, tumors, or parasites.

  • Infection: Gastrointestinal infections that trigger lymphoid tissue swelling in the appendix.

  • Family history: Slight genetic predisposition.

  • Diet low in fiber: May increase risk by contributing to constipation and fecal blockage.

More Severe Causes (Complications):

  • Peritonitis: Life-threatening infection of the abdominal cavity lining if the appendix bursts.

  • Appendiceal abscess: Pus-filled infection in the abdomen requiring drainage.

  • Sepsis: Infection spreading into the bloodstream from a ruptured appendix.

  • Bowel obstruction: Inflammation or infection can block intestinal function.

  • Adhesions: Scar tissue formation in the abdomen, leading to chronic pain or blockages.

When to See a Doctor or Surgeon:

  • Sudden pain starting near the belly button and shifting to the lower right abdomen

  • Pain worsens with movement, coughing, or pressing on the area

  • Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite

  • Fever or chills with abdominal pain

  • Constipation or diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain

  • Abdominal bloating, especially in infants or children

Natural remedies for Appendicitis

Warm Compresses (for mild abdominal discomfort): Relaxes abdominal muscles, reduces cramping. Do not use heat if appendicitis is suspected, as it may worsen inflammation.

Hydration: Supports digestion and prevents constipation that can exacerbate abdominal discomfort. Drink plenty of water.

Light, Low-Fiber Diet (if unsure of digestive cause): Eases strain on the digestive tract while awaiting medical evaluation. Include broths or simple carbohydrates.

Avoid Laxatives or Enemas: Can worsen or mask symptoms if appendicitis is present. Always seek medical evaluation for abdominal pain.

Rest: Conserves energy and avoids exacerbating abdominal pain while awaiting medical care.