Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B refers to a group of water-soluble vitamins, including B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folate), and B12 (cobalamin). Several B vitamins are involved in thyroid health due to their roles in energy metabolism, hormone synthesis, and regulation of homocysteine levels.

Scientific studies have shown that deficiencies in certain B vitamins, particularly B2, B6, and B12, may influence thyroid function. For example, riboflavin (B2) is a cofactor for the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, which is required for thyroid hormone production. Pyridoxine (B6) is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and immune function, both relevant to thyroid health. Vitamin B12 deficiency is more common in individuals with autoimmune thyroid disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, likely due to associated autoimmune gastritis and impaired absorption.

However, there is limited evidence that supplementation with B vitamins improves thyroid function in individuals with normal levels. Most scientific support concerns the correction of deficiencies rather than enhancement of thyroid gland activity in otherwise healthy individuals. Current research suggests that while B vitamins are essential for general metabolic health and may indirectly benefit those with thyroid disorders by preventing deficiency, they are not a primary treatment for thyroid dysfunction. Routine supplementation for thyroid support is not widely recommended unless a deficiency is identified.

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