Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 1

Black spruce (Picea mariana) has been used traditionally by Indigenous peoples in North America for a variety of medicinal purposes, including the support and treatment of injuries such as wounds, bruises, and sprains. Preparations commonly included poultices made from the resin or bark, which were applied topically to promote healing and reduce inflammation. Ethnobotanical records note that these applications were based on observed effects and passed down through generations. The resin, in particular, was valued for its supposed antiseptic and soothing properties.

However, scientific validation for these uses is currently limited. Some laboratory studies have identified antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory compounds in black spruce essential oil and extracts, but clinical evidence in humans is lacking. The traditional use is therefore supported primarily by historical and ethnobotanical documentation rather than rigorous modern scientific research. As such, the evidence rating is low (1/5), reflecting the predominance of tradition over validated efficacy. While black spruce continues to be used in some herbal and traditional medicine practices, its use for injuries should be considered complementary and not a substitute for evidence-based medical treatment.

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