Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) found in fish oil, have a growing body of scientific evidence supporting their use in managing certain autoimmune disorders. Omega-3s possess anti-inflammatory properties, modulating immune responses by influencing cytokine production and reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Studies have shown that supplementation can decrease disease activity and improve symptoms in autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Randomized controlled trials in RA patients demonstrate reduced joint pain and morning stiffness, as well as decreased use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) when omega-3 supplements are used adjunctively. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have also been studied, with mixed but sometimes positive results.

However, the efficacy is generally modest, and not all autoimmune diseases show equal benefit. The strongest evidence exists for RA, with less consistent results in SLE and IBD. Omega-3 supplementation is generally considered safe and may offer a complementary approach to conventional therapies, but it should not replace standard treatments. Clinical guidelines sometimes mention omega-3s as adjunctive therapy, particularly in RA. More large-scale, high-quality studies are needed to clarify their role across the spectrum of autoimmune diseases.

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Other health conditions supported by omega-3 fatty acids

Products containing omega-3 fatty acids

Nature's Sunshine Flax Seed Oil (With Lignans)